Toast, Inc. (TOST) · Quarterly Report (10-Q) SEC Filing

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION Item 1. Financial Statements TOAST, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited) (in millions, except for number of shares and par value) June 30, 2026December 31, 2025 Assets: Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents$1,015 $1,353 Marketable securities698 638 Accounts receivable, net 142 127 Inventories, net217 114 Other current assets578 437 Total current assets2,650 2,669 Property, equipment and right-of-use assets, net149 132 Intangible assets, net11 14 Goodwill113 113 Restricted cash73 71 Other non-current assets185 146 Total non-current assets531 476 Total assets$3,181 $3,145 Liabilities and Stockholders Equity: Current liabilities: Accounts payable$40 $47 Deferred revenue77 68 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities987 854 Total current liabilities1,104 969 Other long-term liabilities32 52 Total liabilities1,136 1,021 Commitments and Contingencies (Note 11) Stockholders Equity: Preferred stock, par value $0.000001 per share; 100 million shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding Common stock, par value $0.000001 per share: Class A - 7,000 million shares authorized; 512 million and 523 million shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively Class B - 700 million shares authorized; 65 million and 66 million shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively (2)2 Additional paid-in capital3,029 3,384 Accumulated deficit(982)(1,262) Total stockholders equity 2,045 2,124 Total liabilities and stockholders equity $3,181 $3,145 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 1 Table of Contents TOAST, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited) (in millions, except per share amounts) Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, 2026202520262025 Revenue: Subscription services$290 $227 $558 $436 Financial technology solutions1,570 1,276 2,893 2,358 Hardware and professional services48 47 87 93 1,908 1,550 3,538 2,887 Costs of revenue: Subscription services64 64 124 130 Financial technology solutions1,211 992 2,222 1,823 Hardware and professional services116 101 227 194 1 1 2 2 Total costs of revenue1,392 1,158 2,575 2,149 Gross profit516 392 963 738 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing166 141 322 274 Research and development109 91 206 175 General and administrative89 79 173 158 Restructuring expenses 1 8 Total operating expenses364 312 701 615 Operating income152 80 262 123 Other income: Interest income, net11 11 24 23 Change in fair value of warrant liability(1)(8)7 (5) 162 83 293 141 Income tax expense(8)(3)(13)(5) Net income$154 $80 $280 $136 Earnings per share: Basic$0.27 $0.14 $0.48 $0.24 Diluted$0.26 $0.13 $0.46 $0.23 Weighted-average shares used in computing earnings per share: Basic578 580 583 577 Diluted590 605 596 604 Six Months Ended June 30, 2026202520262025 Net income $154 $80 $280 $136 Other comprehensive income (loss): Unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, net of tax effect of $0 (1) (3) Currency translation adjustments 2 (1)3 Total other comprehensive income (loss) (1)2 (4)3 Comprehensive income $153 $82 $276 $139 Class A and B Common StockAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total Stockholders' Equity SharesAmountSharesAmount $ 580 $ 3,127 $(1,136)$(1)$1,990 Issuance of common stock under equity plans 4 3 Stock-based compensation 58 Share repurchases (7) (159) (1)(1) Net income 154 154 Balances at June 30, 2026 $ 577 $ 3,029 $(982)$(2)$2,045 TOAST, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (unaudited) (in millions) Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 Class A and B Common StockAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total Stockholders' Equity SharesAmountSharesAmount $ 577 $ 3,221 $(1,548)$ $1,673 Issuance of common stock under equity plans 5 14 Stock-based compensation 63 Share repurchases (1) (14) 2 2 Net income 80 80 Balances at June 30, 2025 $ 581 $ 3,284 $(1,468)$2 $1,818 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 4 Table of Contents TOAST, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (unaudited) (in millions) Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 Class A and B Common StockAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total Stockholders' Equity SharesAmountSharesAmount $ 589 $ 3,384 $(1,262)$2 $2,124 Issuance of common stock under equity plans 7 17 Stock-based compensation 114 Share repurchases (19) (486) (4)(4) Net income 280 280 Balances at June 30, 2026 $ 577 $ 3,029 $(982)$(2)$2,045 TOAST, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (unaudited) (in millions) Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 Class A and B Common StockAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total Stockholders' Equity SharesAmountSharesAmount $ 572 $ 3,150 $(1,604)$(1)$1,545 Issuance of common stock under equity plans 10 40 Stock-based compensation 125 Share repurchases (1) (31) 3 3 Net income 136 136 Balances at June 30, 2025 $ 581 $ 3,284 $(1,468)$2 $1,818 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 5 Table of Contents TOAST, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited) (in millions) Six Months Ended June 30, 20262025 Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $280 $136 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization22 35 Stock-based compensation expense109 120 Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs46 48 Credit loss expense54 40 (6)5 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable, net(25)(16) Other current assets(30)(10) Deferred contract acquisition costs(93)(73) Inventories, net(103)15 Accounts payable(8)13 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities25 (3) Deferred revenue9 2 Other assets and liabilities(4)(10) Net cash provided by operating activities276 302 Cash flows from investing activities: Capital expenditures(31)(25) Purchases of marketable securities(304)(281) Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities82 97 Maturities of marketable securities161 193 Purchases of loans classified as held for investment (80) Proceeds from repayments of loans classified as held for investment 30 Net cash (used in) investing activities (142)(16) Cash flows from financing activities: Payment of issuance costs of the revolving credit facility (3) Change in customer funds obligations, net57 45 Proceeds from issuance of common stock17 40 (486)(31) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(412)51 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (1)3 Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, cash held on behalf of customers and restricted cash (279)340 Cash, cash equivalents, cash held on behalf of customers and restricted cash at beginning of period1,583 1,085 Cash, cash equivalents, cash held on behalf of customers and restricted cash at end of period$1,304 $1,425 Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, cash held on behalf of customers and restricted cash Cash and cash equivalents1,015 1,194 Cash held on behalf of customers216 168 Restricted cash73 63 Total cash, cash equivalents, cash held on behalf of customers and restricted cash$1,304 $1,425 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Assets: Money market funds$636 $ $ $636 Commercial paper 58 58 Certificates of deposit 35 35 Corporate bonds 291 291 188 188 Asset-backed securities 126 126 $636 $698 $ $1,334 Liabilities: Warrants to purchase common stock$ $ $12 $12 $ $12 $12 December 31, 2025 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Assets: Money market funds$951 $ $ $951 Commercial paper 96 96 Certificates of deposit 23 23 Corporate bonds 261 261 U.S. government agency securities 7 7 Treasury bonds 134 134 Asset-backed securities 142 142 $951 $663 $ $1,614 Liabilities: Warrants to purchase common stock$ $ $19 $19 $ $19 $19 During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, there were no transfers into or out of Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. The Company did not recognize any credit losses or non-credit-related impairments related to available-for-sale marketable debt securities for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025. Unrealized losses were immaterial and recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). Marketable Securities The fair values of the marketable securities by contractual maturities at June 30, 2026 were as follows (in millions): June 30, 2026 Due within 1 year$402 Due after 1 year through 5 years294 Due after 5 years and thereafter2 $698 8 Table of Contents Fair Value of Liabilities The aggregate fair value of the common stock warrant liability, which is measured using Level 3 inputs, decreased from $19 million as of December 31, 2025 to $12 million as of June 30, 2026, resulting in a $7 million gain during the period. As of June 30, 2026, the maximum number of shares of the Company s common stock that could be required to be issued upon the exercise of outstanding warrants was 1 million. 3. Loan Servicing Activities Changes in the contingent liability for expected credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 were as follows (in millions): Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, 2026202520262025 Beginning balance$48 $33 $46 $29 Credit loss expense18 11 35 27 Reductions due to loan purchases(13)(11)(28)(23) Ending balance$53 $33 $53 $33 As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the non-contingent stand-ready liability was $21 million and $18 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, $73 million and $71 million, respectively, were classified as restricted cash on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, representing cash held with commercial lending institutions. The restrictions are related to cash held as collateral pursuant to an agreement with the originating third-party bank for the working capital loans serviced by Toast Capital. 4. Loans Held for Investment The Company purchases loans from its bank partner that are not delinquent at acquisition and for which the Company has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future, until maturity or payoff. These loans are classified as held for investment and are included in other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. They are carried at amortized cost, net of an allowance for expected credit losses, which reflects estimated lifetime losses based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company recognizes income, including the effect of any premium or discount, over the life of these loans using the effective interest method. As of June 30, 2026, loans held for investment, net, were $46 million, with an immaterial allowance for expected credit losses and interest income, compared to $0 million of loans held for investment as of December 31, 2025. The Company analyzes loans held for investment based on the aging of unpaid principal and the historical performance of vintage cohorts. These are the primary credit quality indicators in evaluating the allowance for expected credit losses and the delinquency status of the loan portfolio. As of June 30, 2026, there were no material delinquent loans. 9 Table of Contents 5. Other Balance Sheet Information Accounts Receivable, Net (in millions) June 30, 2026December 31, 2025 Accounts receivable$111 $103 Unbilled receivables41 33 Less: Allowance for credit losses(10)(9) Accounts receivable, net$142 $127 Inventories, Net (in millions) June 30, 2026December 31, 2025 Raw materials $58 $ Finished goods 159 114 Total inventories, net $217 $114 Other Current Assets (in millions) June 30, 2026December 31, 2025 Cash held on behalf of customers$216 $159 Deferred contract acquisition costs, current (Note 6)106 98 Prepaid expenses49 39 Other207 141 Total other current assets$578 $437 Accrued Expenses and Current Liabilities (in millions) June 30, 2026December 31, 2025 Accrued transaction-based costs$422 $368 Customer funds obligation216 159 Accrued expenses98 74 Accrued payroll and bonus111 133 Contingent liability for expected credit losses53 46 Other liabilities87 74 Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities$987 $854 10 Table of Contents 6. Revenue from Contracts with Customers The following table summarizes the activity in deferred revenue (in millions): Deferred revenue, beginning of period$69 $77 $58 2025 Beginning balance220 $172 Capitalization70 Amortization(48) Ending balance267 $194 As of June 30, 2026, $106 million of deferred contract acquisition costs were recorded within other current assets with the remaining balance recorded within other non-current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. 11 Table of Contents 7. Stockholders Equity Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation expenses recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, were as follows (in millions): Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, 2026202520262025 Cost of revenue$6 $9 $13 $18 Sales and marketing13 14 26 28 Research and development22 21 43 41 General and administrative14 16 27 30 Restructuring expenses 3 Stock-based compensation expense $55 $60 $109 $120 Stock Options The following is a summary of stock option activity under the Company s stock option plans for the six months ended June 30, 2026: Number of Shares (in millions) Weighted- Average Exercise Price (per share) Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions)(1) 21 $11.84 Granted1 28.67 Exercised(2)4.18 Forfeited 21.68 Outstanding as of June 30, 2026 20 $14.25 20 $13.78 5.2$288 Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share) Outstanding balance as of December 31, 2025 15 $26.80 Granted8 28.27 Vested(4)22.64 Forfeited(1)27.33 Outstanding balance as of June 30, 2026 18 $28.36 Expected to vest as of June 30, 2026 15 $28.03 The fair value of RSUs vested during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 was $52 million and $121 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2026, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to the RSUs was $360 million and is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average service period of 3.0 years. Share Repurchase Program In February 2024, the Company announced the authorization of a share repurchase program for the repurchase of shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.000001 per share, in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million. On February 10, 2026, the Company s board of directors approved an increase of $500 million to the previously authorized share repurchase program for the repurchase of shares of Class A common stock. The repurchase program has no expiration date, does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of Class A common stock, and may be suspended at any time at the Company s discretion. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased may depend on a variety of factors, including price, general business and market conditions, and alternative investment opportunities. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company repurchased $159 million and $486 million, respectively, of Class A common stock. As of June 30, 2026, approximately $100 million remained authorized for repurchase under the share repurchase program. 8. Income Taxes The Company computes the provision for income taxes by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to year-to-date income before income taxes, and adjusts for discrete items in the period in which they occur. The income tax expense was $8 million and $3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $13 million and $5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The effective tax rate for each period differs from the statutory rate primarily due to a full valuation allowance against the Company s U.S. net deferred tax assets, U.S. state income taxes, and foreign rate differential on profitable foreign jurisdictions. As of June 30, 2026, the Company maintained a full valuation allowance against the U.S. net deferred tax assets as the amounts were not more-likely-than-not realizable. This determination is based on management s evaluation of all available positive and negative evidence, such as sustainability of recent profits and forecasts of future taxable income; a portion or all of the valuation allowance could be released in the next 12 months. The timing and amount of any such release remain uncertain. 13 Table of Contents 9. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is determined by dividing net income by the weighted-average shares outstanding for the period. The Company analyzes the potential dilutive effect of stock options, RSUs, the employee stock purchase plan, and warrants to purchase common stock, during periods the Company generates net income, or when income is recognized related to changes in fair value of warrant liabilities. Class A common stock and Class B common stock share proportionately, on a per share basis, in the Company s net income and participate equally in the dividends on common stock, if declared. The Company allocates net income attributable to common stock between the common stock classes on a one-to-one basis when computing earnings per share. As a result, basic and diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are equivalent. The following table sets forth the calculation of earnings per share (in millions, except per share amounts): Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, 2026202520262025 Numerator: Net income, basic$154 $80 $280 $136 Less: Gain on change in fair value of warrant liabilities(1) 7 Net income, diluted$154 $80 $273 $136 Denominator: Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding - basic578 580 583 577 Effect of dilutive securities: Warrants to purchase common stock(1) Dilutive common share equivalents included in dilutive shares12 25 13 27 Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding - diluted590 605 596 604 Earnings per share, basic $0.27 $0.14 $0.48 $0.24 Earnings per share, diluted $0.26 $0.13 $0.46 $0.23 (1) During the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company recorded a remeasurement gain of $7 million of the Company s warrant liability, which was excluded from the net income to adjust for the dilutive impact of the warrants. The Company adjusted the weighted-average shares outstanding for the incremental dilutive shares using the treasury stock method. The following potential shares of common stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented (in millions): Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, 2026202520262025 Options to purchase common stock 5 2 5 1 Unvested restricted stock units10 7 1 1 1 1 16 3 12 3 14 Table of Contents 10. Segment Information The Company has one reportable segment, Toast, Inc. The following table sets out the Company s measure of profit and significant segment expenses (in millions): Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, 2026202520262025 Revenue$1,908 $1,550 $3,538 $2,887 Costs of revenue(1) (1,385)(1,148)(2,561)(2,128) Sales and marketing(1) (152)(126)(294)(243) Research and development(1) (86)(69)(160)(131) General and administrative(1) (75)(62)(145)(126) Stock-based compensation and related payroll taxes(58)(64)(116)(128) Other items(2) 2 (1)18 5 Net income $154 $80 $280 $136 (1) These expenses exclude stock-based compensation and related payroll taxes. Stock-based compensation and related payroll taxes are presented separately as an additional significant segment expense, which consist of both stock-based compensation (refer to Note 7, Stockholders Equity for tabular disclosure of amounts included within other significant segment expenses) and the corresponding payroll taxes. (2) Other items include restructuring expenses, interest income, net, change in fair value of warrant liability, and income tax (expense) benefit. 11. Commitments and Contingencies Purchase Commitments As of June 30, 2026, the Company s non-cancellable purchase obligations to hardware suppliers totaled $194 million, all of which is due within the next 12 months. As of June 30, 2026, the Company s non-cancellable contractual commitments with cloud service providers and other vendors totaled $110 million of which $83 million is due within the next 12 months and $27 million thereafter. Legal Proceedings The Company has been cooperating with the Federal Trade Commission (the FTC ) staff in response to a Civil Investigative Demand received in June 2025, seeking information regarding the marketing, sale, and operation of its restaurant operating systems and related customer-service offerings relative to the Federal Trade Commission Act, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, and the Restore Online Shoppers Confidence Act. In June 2026, the FTC staff sent the Company a draft complaint and proposed settlement order. The Company strongly disagrees with the FTC s legal challenges to its practices, policies and procedures, including whether certain referenced laws apply to its type of business. The Company has been engaged in ongoing discussions with the FTC. The Company will vigorously defend its interests and is prepared to litigate, if necessary. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in negotiating a favorable settlement or prevailing in litigation. The defense or resolution of this matter, including any significant costs, penalties, remedies, and/or compliance requirements, could have a materially adverse impact on the Company s financial results and/or operations. At this stage, the Company is unable to estimate a reasonably possible financial loss or range of any potential financial loss, if any, as a result of this investigation. In addition, from time to time, the Company may be involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters may be resolved unfavorably. The Company establishes accruals for losses that management deems to be probable and subject to reasonable estimates. The Company does not expect any of these claims with a reasonably possible adverse outcome to have a material impact, and, accordingly, has not accrued for any material claims. 15 Table of Contents Item 2. Management s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, and the related notes that are included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and with our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business and related financing, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under the section titled Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Item 1A. Risk Factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 and in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, if applicable. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any period in the future. Overview Toast is a global technology platform built for restaurant and retail businesses. From the busiest local restaurants and shops to large hospitality brands, Toast helps owners and operators manage their businesses more efficiently, drive guest demand, and build lasting success. Toast integrates software, agentic AI, payments, financial technology solutions, and hardware with a broad partner ecosystem. Powering billions of purchases throughout local commerce, Toast delivers the precision and innovation required for modern restaurant and retail environments. We define a live location, or Location, as a unique location that has used Toast Point of Sale, or POS, to record transaction volumes above a minimum threshold, and has not been marked as a churned location as of the date of determination. A Location can use Toast payment services, which we refer to as a Toast Processing Location, or for select enterprise customers, not use Toast s payment services, which we refer to as a Non-Toast Processing Location. Customers of legacy solutions provided by companies that we have acquired that do not use Toast POS, are not included in our Location count. As of June 30, 2026, Toast served approximately 180,000 Locations, up 22% compared to one year ago, and processed $215 billion in gross payment volume over the trailing 12 months. Seasonality and Other Factors We experience seasonality in our financial technology solutions revenue, which is largely driven by the level of Gross Payment Volume, or GPV, processed through our platform. Moreover, our performance may be impacted by global financial, economic, and political events. For example, customers typically have greater sales during the warmer months, though this effect varies regionally, and customer sales can be impacted by seasonal needs of our customers (which may also impact the total number of Toast Processing Locations in such a period that contributes to our GPV). As a result, our financial technology solutions revenue per Toast Processing Location has historically been stronger in the second and third quarters. We believe that financial technology solutions revenue from both existing and potential future products will continue to represent a significant proportion of our overall revenue mix, and seasonality will continue to impact our results of operations. Our performance may also be impacted by geopolitical events, such as tariffs, which may influence consumer spending or restaurant operations. There is uncertainty as to when specific tariffs may go into effect and the impact higher tariffs may have on consumer demand or on our business. For further discussion of such potential impacts, see Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. 16 Table of Contents Key Business Metrics We use the following key business metrics to help us evaluate our business, identify trends affecting our business, formulate business plans, and make strategic decisions: Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, (dollars in billions)20262025% Growth20262025% Growth Gross Payment Volume (GPV) $60.7 $49.9 22 %$112.0 $92.1 22 % As of June 30, (dollars in millions)20262025% Growth Annualized Recurring Run-Rate (ARR)$2,409 $1,928 25 % Gross Payment Volume (GPV) Gross Payment Volume represents the sum of total dollars processed through the Toast payments platform across Toast Processing Locations in a given period. GPV is a key measure of the scale of our platform, which in turn drives our financial performance. As our customers generate more sales and therefore more GPV, we generally see higher financial technology solutions revenue. Annualized Recurring Run-Rate (ARR) We monitor Annualized Recurring Run-Rate as a key operational measure of the scale of our subscription and payment processing services for both new and existing customers. To calculate this metric, we first calculate recurring run-rate on a monthly basis. Monthly Recurring Run-Rate, or MRR, is measured on the final day of each month as the sum of (i) our monthly billings of subscription services fees, which we refer to as the subscription component of MRR, and (ii) our in-month adjusted payments services fees, exclusive of estimated transaction-based costs, which we refer to as the payments component of MRR. MRR does not include fees derived from Toast Capital or related costs. MRR is also not burdened by the impact of SaaS credits offered. The MRR calculation includes all locations on the Toast platform and locations on legacy solutions, which have a negligible impact on ARR. ARR is determined by taking the sum of (i) twelve times the subscription component of MRR and (ii) four times the trailing-three-month cumulative payments component of MRR. We believe this approach provides an indication of our scale, while also controlling for short-term fluctuations in payments volume. Our ARR may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including customers satisfaction with our platform, pricing, competitive offerings, economic conditions, or overall changes in our customers and their guests spending levels. ARR is an operational measure, does not reflect our revenue or gross profit determined in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or GAAP, and should be viewed independently of, and not combined with or substituted for, our revenue, gross profit, and other financial information determined in accordance with GAAP. Further, ARR is not a forecast of future revenue and investors should not place undue reliance on ARR as an indicator of our future or expected results. 17 Table of Contents Results of Operations Revenue Three Months Ended June 30,ChangeSix Months Ended June 30,Change (dollars in millions)20262025Amount%20262025Amount% Subscription services$290 $227 $63 28 %$558 $436 $122 28 % Financial technology solutions1,570 1,276 294 23 %2,893 2,358 535 23 % Hardware and professional services48 47 1 2 %87 93 (6)(6)% $1,908 $1,550 $358 23 %$3,538 $2,887 $651 23 % Total revenue increased by 23% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to the same periods in 2025. This growth was primarily driven by increases in financial technology solutions and subscription services revenue, attributable to a higher number of Locations on the Toast platform and continued product adoption. Costs of Revenue Three Months Ended June 30,ChangeSix Months Ended June 30,Change (dollars in millions)20262025Amount%20262025Amount% Subscription services$64 $64 $ %$124 $130 $(6)(5)% Financial technology solutions1,211 992 219 22 %2,222 1,823 399 22 % Hardware and professional services116 101 15 15 %227 194 33 17 % 1 1 %2 2 % Total costs of revenue$1,392 $1,158 $234 20 %$2,575 $2,149 $426 20 % Total costs of revenue increased by 20% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to the same periods in 2025. The increase was primarily driven by higher financial technology solutions costs associated with increased gross payment volume, offset by a one-time benefit of approximately $10 million related to tariff refunds. Operating Expenses Three Months Ended June 30,ChangeSix Months Ended June 30,Change (dollars in millions)20262025Amount%20262025Amount% Sales and marketing$166 $141 $25 18 %$322 $274 $48 18 % Research and development109 91 18 20 %206 175 31 18 % General and administrative89 79 10 13 %173 158 15 9 % Restructuring expenses 1 (1)(100)% 8 (8)(100)% Total operating expenses$364 $312 $52 17 %$701 $615 $86 14 % Total operating expenses increased by 17% and 14%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2025. This increase was primarily driven by higher employee-related costs. Non-GAAP Financial Measures We use certain non-GAAP financial measures described below to supplement our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP and to understand and 18 Table of Contents evaluate our core operating performance. These non-GAAP financial measures, which may be different than similarly titled measures used by other companies, are presented to enhance investors overall understanding of our financial performance and should not be considered substitutes for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information about our financial performance, enhance the overall understanding of our past performance and future prospects, and allow for greater transparency with respect to important metrics used by our management for financial and operational decision-making. We are presenting these non-GAAP metrics to provide investors insight into the information used by our management to evaluate our business and financial performance. We believe that these measures provide investors increased comparability of our core financial performance over multiple periods with other companies in our industry. Net Income (Loss) (GAAP) and Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income (loss), adjusted to exclude stock-based compensation expense and related payroll tax expense, depreciation and amortization expense, interest income, net, income taxes and certain other items that are not considered to reflect our operating activities and performance within the ordinary course of business, such as restructuring expenses, acquisition expenses, fair value adjustments on warrant liabilities, gain on warrant extinguishments, expenses related to early termination of leases (which includes associated asset impairments), and stock-based charitable contribution expense, as applicable. We have provided below a reconciliation of net income (loss), the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, to Adjusted EBITDA. We believe Adjusted EBITDA is useful for investors in comparing our financial performance to other companies and from period to period. Adjusted EBITDA is widely used by investors and securities analysts to measure a company s operating performance without regard to items such as depreciation and amortization, interest expense, and interest income, which can vary substantially from company to company depending on their financing and capital structures and the method by which their assets were acquired. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA eliminates the impact of certain items that may obscure trends in the underlying performance of our business. Adjusted EBITDA also has limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. The expenses and other items that are excluded from the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA may differ from the expenses and other items that other companies may exclude from Adjusted EBITDA when they report their financial results. The following table reflects the reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods presented: Adjusted EBITDAThree Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, (in millions)2026202520262025 Net income$154 $80 $280 $136 Stock-based compensation expense and related payroll tax58 64 116 128 Depreciation and amortization11 16 22 35 Interest income, net(11)(11)(24)(23) 1 8 (7)5 1 8 Income tax expense8 3 13 5 Adjusted EBITDA$221 $161 $400 $294 (1) Restructuring expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 include $1 million and $5 million, respectively, of severance benefits and $ million and $3 million, respectively of stock-based compensation expense. 19 Table of Contents Subscription Services and Financial Technology Solutions Gross Profit (GAAP) and Non-GAAP Subscription Services and Financial Technology Solutions Gross Profit Non-GAAP Subscription Services and Financial Technology Solutions Gross Profit is defined as subscription services gross profit and financial technology solutions gross profit, adjusted to exclude stock-based compensation expense and related payroll tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expense. We believe this non-GAAP measure is useful to view the resulting figures excluding the aforementioned non-cash charges because the amount of such expenses in any specific period may not directly correlate to the underlying performance of our business operations and such amounts vary substantially from company to company depending on their financing and capital structures and the method by which their assets were acquired. We have provided below a reconciliation of Subscription Services and Financial Technology Solutions Gross Profit, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, to Non-GAAP Subscription Services and Financial Technology Solutions Gross Profit. Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, (in millions)2026202520262025 Revenue: Subscription services$290 $227 $558 $436 Financial technology solutions1,570 1,276 2,893 2,358 Costs of Revenue: Subscription services64 64 124 130 Financial technology solutions1,211 992 2,222 1,823 Subscription services and financial technology solutions gross profit (GAAP) $585 $447 $1,105 $841 Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30, (in millions)2026202520262025 Subscription services and financial technology solutions gross profit (GAAP) $585 $447 $1,105 $841 Stock-based compensation expense and related payroll tax3 4 6 9 Depreciation and amortization7 13 13 29 Non-GAAP subscription services and financial technology solutions gross profit$595 $464 $1,124 $879 Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities (GAAP) and Free Cash Flow (Non-GAAP) Free cash flow is defined as net cash provided by operating activities reduced by purchases of property and equipment and capitalization of internal-use software costs (collectively referred to as capital expenditures). We believe that free cash flow is a meaningful indicator of our sources of liquidity and capital requirements that provides information to management and investors in evaluating the cash flow trends of our business. Once our business needs and obligations are met, cash can be used to maintain a strong balance sheet and invest in future growth. Free cash flow has limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Other companies may calculate free cash flow or similarly titled non-GAAP measures differently, which could reduce the usefulness of free cash flow as a tool for comparison. In addition, free cash flow does not reflect mandatory debt service and other non-discretionary expenditures that are required to be made under contractual commitments and does not represent the total increase or decrease in our cash balance for any given period. 20 Table of Contents The following table presents a reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities to free cash flow for each of the periods presented: Six Months Ended June 30, (in millions)20262025 Net cash provided by operating activities $276 $302 (31)(25) Free cash flow$245 $277 Liquidity and Capital Resources Our principal sources of liquidity are cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities. We also have access to external sources of liquidity through a credit facility as further described below. The following tables present selected financial information related to our liquidity: (in millions)June 30, 2026 (1) December 31, 2025 (2) Cash and cash equivalents$1,015 $1,353 Marketable securities698 638 Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities $1,713 $1,991 Available credit facility $347 $347 Total$2,060 $2,338 (1) Excludes $216 million of cash held on behalf of customers and $73 million of restricted cash. (2) Excludes $159 million of cash held on behalf of customers and $71 million of restricted cash. Six Months Ended June 30, (in millions)20262025 Net cash provided by operating activities $276 $302 Net cash (used in) investing activities(142)(16) Net cash provided (used in) by financing activities (412)51 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (1)3 Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, cash held on behalf of customers and restricted cash$(279)$340 Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities The net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in the six months ended June 30, 2026 was primarily driven by cash used in financing activities of $412 million and cash used in investing activities of $142 million, partially offset by cash provided by operating activities of $274 million (which excludes changes in the balance of restricted cash). The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025, was driven by changes in net working capital, primarily attributable to higher inventory purchases. This increase in cash outflows was partially offset by higher net income, which increased from $136 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025, to $280 million for the same period in 2026. The increase in net cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025, was primarily driven by higher net purchases of marketable securities and loans held for investment, partially offset by proceeds from repayment of loans held for investment. The increase in net cash used in financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025, was primarily driven by an increase in cash paid to repurchase our shares. 21 Table of Contents We do not anticipate any material changes, or material changes in trends, related to our net working capital requirements, liquidity or cash flows in the near term, other than for items disclosed within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Debt During 2021 we entered into a senior secured credit facility, or the 2021 Facility, which we subsequently amended on March 2, 2023, to replace the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR. On May 6, 2025, we amended and restated our 2021 Facility to increase the available revolving commitments from $330 million to $350 million and to extend the term of the 2021 Facility to May 6, 2030. We were in compliance with all financial covenants as of June 30, 2026. As of June 30, 2026, there were no borrowings outstanding on the 2021 Facility and outstanding letters of credit totaled $3 million. As of June 30, 2026, our total available borrowing capacity under the 2021 Facility was $347 million. Share Repurchase Program In February 2024, we announced the authorization of a share repurchase program for the repurchase of shares of our Class A common stock, par value $0.000001 per share, in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million. On February 10, 2026, our board of directors approved an increase of $500 million to our previously authorized share repurchase program for the repurchase of shares of our Class A common stock. The repurchase program has no expiration date, does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of our Class A common stock, and may be suspended at any time at our discretion. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased may depend on a variety of factors, including price, general business and market conditions, and alternative investment opportunities. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, we repurchased $159 million and $486 million in Class A common stock, respectively. As of June 30, 2026, approximately $100 million remained authorized for repurchase under our share repurchase program. Other Capital Requirements Expected working and other capital requirements are described in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K in Part II, Item 7, Management s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. At June 30, 2026, other than for the changes disclosed in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Liquidity and Capital Resources in this Quarterly Report, there have been no other material changes to our expected working and other capital requirements described in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, and we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, along with our available borrowing capacity under our credit facility, will be sufficient to meet our working capital needs for at least the next 12 months, including planned capital expenditures, strategic transactions, and investment commitments that we may enter into from time to time. Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk We are exposed to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, as well as credit risk on accounts receivable and our loan servicing activities. Our exposure to market and credit risk has not changed materially since the presentation set forth in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on February 18, 2026. 22 Table of Contents Item 4. Controls and Procedures Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2026, the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended June 30, 2026, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Inherent Limitation on the Effectiveness of Internal Control Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two, or more people or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Due to inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. 23 Table of Contents PART II - OTHER INFORMATION Item 1. Legal Proceedings The material set forth in the section titled Legal Proceedings in Note 11 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference. Item 1A. Risk Factors There have been no material changes from the risk factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Our business, operations, and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and the trading price of our Class A common stock. You should carefully read and consider the risks and uncertainties included in the Annual Report, together with all of the other information in the Annual Report and this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the section titled Management s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes, and other documents that we file with the SEC. The risks and uncertainties described in these reports may not be the only ones we face. The factors discussed in these reports, among others, could cause our actual results to differ materially from historical results and those expressed in forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf in filings with the SEC, press releases, communications with investors, and oral statements. Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds (a) Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities None. (c) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Our purchases of our common stock in the second quarter of fiscal year 2026 were: Period Total Number of Shares Purchased (in thousands) Average Price Paid Per Share (1) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (in thousands) Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in millions)(2) April 1, 2026 to April 30, 2026 2,015 $25.57 2,015 $208 May 1, 2026 to May 31, 2026 4,600 $23.42 4,600 $100 June 1, 2026 to June 30, 2026 $ $100 Total 6,615 6,615 (1) Average Price Paid Per Share excludes cash paid for commissions. (2) On February 15, 2024, we announced the authorization of a share repurchase program for the repurchase of shares in our Class A common stock, in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million. On February 10, 2026, our board of directors approved an increase of $500 million to our previously authorized share repurchase program for the repurchase of shares of our Class A common stock. The repurchase program has no expiration date, does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of our Class A common stock, and may be suspended at any time at our discretion. Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities None. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. Item 5. Other Information 24 Table of Contents (c) During the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2026, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) adopted, terminated or modified a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading agreement (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K). 25 Table of Contents